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Aquarium Drug Dosages.


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#1 Cicolid

Cicolid
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  • Joined: 29-April 06
  • Location: Bouvard, Mandurah WA

Posted 29 December 2008 - 11:47 AM




Aquascience
R e s e a r c h G r o u p

Aquarium & Pond Info

Aquarium & Pond Drug Dosages

Aquarium Drugs - General Information:

It should be noted that not all aquarium and pond drugs on the market are of value and many are useless and some are dangerous. The most important thing to remember about aquarium and pond drugs is that far too many will be severely underdosed if the manufacturer’s instructions are followed. A prime example of underdosed drugs can be found in the many antibiotic drugs on the market .

First of all, most antibiotics sold in the aquarium trade are sold as capsules or tablets (some are simply human dosage forms which have been packaged for aquarium use and the appearances are such that they are readily recognized as such and are easily abused by people who self medicate). In an attempt to accommodate the wishes of the U.S. Food & Drug Administration regarding drugs not intended for human consumption some manufacturers have started making antibiotics available as water solutions. The problem with this is that most antibiotics are slowly decomposed in water and some like nitrofurazone and furazolidone are so insoluble that concentrated solutions are not feasible.

Table of aquarium drug dosages

Acriflavine: 5 - 10 mg/L = 18.9 - 37.85 mg/gallon
Chloramine-T: 0.067 - 66 mg/L = 0.25 - 249.8 mg/gallon
Chloramphenicol: 10 - 50 mg/L = 37.8 - 189.2 mg/gallon
Chlortetracycline: 10 - 20 mg/L = 37.85 - 75.7 mg/gallon
Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate: 24.3 - 162 mg/L = 91.97 - 613.2 mg/gallon
Erythromycin: 100 mg/Kg of fish = 45.36 mg/lb of fish (in feed)
Formalin (37% Formaldehyde Solution): 15 - 20 mg/L = 0.57 - 0.0.76 mL/10 gallons (bath)
: 166 - 200 mg/L = 6.3 - 7.6 mL/10 gallons (dip)
Furanace (Nifurpirinol): 0.1 mg/L = 0.38 mg/gallon = 3.8 mg/10 gallons
Furazolidone: 5 - 25 mg/L = 18.9 - 94.6 mg/gallon
Isoniazid: 10 mg/L - 37.8 mg/gallon
Gentamycin: 5 mg/L = 18.9 mg/gallon
Kanamycin: 20 - 100 mg/L = 75.7 - 378.5 mg/gallon
Kanamycin Sulfate: 26.7 - 133.3 mg/L = 100.9 - 504.7 mg/gallon
Malachite Green: 0.05 - 0.15 mg/L = 0.19 - 0.57 mg/gallon
Methylene Blue: 3 - 5 mg/L = 11.35 - 18.9 mg/gallon
Metronidazole: 5 mg/L = 18.9 mg/gallon
Neomycin: 39.6 mg/L = 149.9 mg/gallon
Neomycin Sulfate: 66 mg/L = 249.8 mg/gallon
Nifurpirinol: 0.05 - 10 mg/L = 0.19 - 3.8 mg/gallon
Nitrofurazone: 9 - 25 mg/L = 34 - 94.6 mg/gallon
Oxolinic Acid: 1 - 3 mg/L = 3.8 - 11.3 mg/gallon
Oxytetracycline: 10 - 50 mg/L = 37.85 - 189.25 mg/gallon
Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride: 12 - 60 mg/L = 48 - 240 mg/gallon
Phenoxyethanol: 100 - 200 mg/L = 378.5 - 946.25 mg/gallon
Potassium Permanganate: 10 mg/L = 37.8 mg/gallon (dip)
: 3 - 5 mg/L = 11.35 - 18.9 mg/gallon (bath)
Quinaldine Sulfate: 35 mg/L = 132.5 mg/gallon
Sodium Chloride: 10 - 25 mg/L = 38.85 - 94.6 mg/ gallon (dip)
Streptomycin: 5 - 10 mg/L = 18.9 - 37.8 mg/gallon
Sulfadiazine: 100 - 250 mg/L = 378.5 - 946.25 mg/gallon
Sulfamerazine: 100 - 200 mg/L = 378.5 - 757 mg/gallon
Sulfamethazine: 100 - 2,000 mg/L = 378.5 - 7,570 mg/gallon
Sulfisoxazole: 96 mg/L = 363.36 mg/gallon
Sulfathiazole: 6.6 mg/L = 25 mg/gallon
Tricainemethanesulfonate: 50 - 100 mg/L = 189.25 - 378.5 mg/gallon
Trichlorfon: 0.25 - 0.75 mg/L = 0.95 - 2.8 mg/gallon
Triple Sulfa: 100 mg/L = 378.5 mg/gallon = 3.785 g/10 gallons

A “bath” is a long-term treatment where the drug is dissolved in the aquarium water. A “dip” is a short-term treatment (from a few seconds to as long a 1 hour).

Compare the values in the above table to the values given by the individual manufacturers you use and sell to see if the products are delivering concentrations which will work as intended.
Things to look for in aquarium drugs

(1) Be cautious of “1 drop per gallon” treatments; these are sold as “concentrated” but often, in fact, fail to deliver a proper dosage when used as directed.

(2) Avoid antibiotics without expiration dates; avoid capsules and tablets.

(3) Avoid antibiotics which are sold in water solutions.

(4) One must know

* the proper drug

* the proper dosage

* the term of treatment to insure a proper disease treatment.

(5) Avoid using antibiotics as a prophylaxis (preventative); use antibiotics only when certain that they are the drugs of choice for a given disease.

(6) Most drugs require at least daily re-treatments and daily water changes (even if the label doesn’t say so).

(7) Choose the best drug and treatment regime for the disease being treated; there are no “cure-alls”.

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